Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation and swelling, and bring down a high temperature. NSAIDs are commonly used, but they're not suitable for everyone and can cause side effects. Check with your GP or pharmacist before taking an NSAID. NSAIDs are available as
tablets, capsules, creams, gels, injections, and suppositories (capsules inserted into the bottom). Some can be bought over the counter from pharmacies. But you need a prescription for certain NSAIDs. The main types of NSAIDs used in Ireland include: NSAIDs may be sold or prescribed under these names or a brand name. They're all similarly effective, but a particular one may work best for you. NSAIDs are often used to relieve symptoms of: They provide relief by changing the body's response to pain. You might have to get emergency help if you: You can overdose if you take too much of an NSAID. This can be dangerous. NSAIDs
can cause serious side effects and allergic reactions. Urgent advice: Contact a GP immediately if you:
Serious allergic reactionA serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to NSAIDs is rare. When you start taking NSAIDsNSAIDs taken by mouth should start to work within 1 hour. If you're using a gel or cream it should work within 1 to 2 days. For arthritis, you may need to use a gel or cream for up to 7 days to feel the full effect. When you stop taking NSAIDs, the effects wear off in about 15 hours. If NSAIDs do not workIf NSAIDs do not work, talk to a pharmacist or GP about trying another painkiller such as paracetamol. If alternatives do not work, your GP may prescribe a stronger painkiller or recommend treatment such as exercise or physiotherapy. Check if you can take NSAIDsTalk to your pharmacist or GP before taking NSAIDs if you:
Chickenpox warningDo not give ibuprofen to an adult or child with chickenpox. It can cause a serious skin reaction. Pregnant and breastfeedingIf you are pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding, talk to your GP or pharmacist before taking an NSAID. NSAIDs are not normally recommended in pregnancy unless prescribed by a GP or doctor. ChildrenIbuprofen is not suitable for some children. Check with your pharmacist or GP before giving ibuprofen to your child. Children 3 months and older can usually take ibuprofen as a liquid syrup. Children 7 years and older can usually take it as a tablet or capsule. It's best to give ibuprofen with food or milk so they do not get an upset tummy. Follow the instructions on the package leaflet. How and when to take NSAIDsAlways follow the instructions on the medicines label for your NSAID dose. It's best to take the lowest dose that works for the shortest possible time. If you still need an NSAID after taking it for 10 days, check with your doctor before continuing. Tablets and capsulesAlways take NSAID tablets or capsules after a meal or snack. It will be less likely to upset your stomach. Tablets or capsules should be swallowed whole and not chewed or crushed. Gels and creamsPut the gel or creams on the painful area and slowly rub it in. It may feel cool on your skin. Wash your hands afterwards. For prescription NSAIDs follow the instructions given by your GP or pharmacist. Plasters and patchesFollow the instructions on the package leaflet. Treat only 1 painful area at a time. Do not use more than 2 medicated plasters in a 24-hour period. SuppositoriesPush suppositories gently into your back passage (anus). Follow the instructions on the package leaflet. Food and alcoholGenerally you do not have to avoid specific foods while taking NSAIDs. It's usually safe to drink alcohol while taking NSAIDs. But drinking more than the recommended amount per week (17 units for men, 11 for women) can irritate your stomach. If you forget to take itTake your missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it's nearly time for the next dose. In this case, skip the missed dose and take your next dose as normal. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose. If you often forget doses, it may help to set a reminder alarm. Side effectsTalk to your GP or pharmacist if side effects bother you or do not go away Side effects can include:
Interactions with other medicinesNSAIDs do not mix well with some medicines. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you're taking any other medicines, including herbal remedies, vitamins or supplements. It's important to get medical advice before taking an NSAID if you're already taking:
If you're not sure if a medicine is safe to take at the same time as an NSAID, check the leaflet that comes with it or ask a GP or pharmacist. Finding your patient information leaflet onlineYour patient information leaflet (PIL) is the leaflet that comes in the package of your medicine. Information: To find your PIL online, visit the Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA) website
You can also:
If your PIL is not on the HPRA website, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) website opens in a new window when you select ‘PIL’. You can find your PIL on the EMA website. Finding your PIL on the EMA website If your PIL is not on the HPRA website, you will be sent to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) website. To find your PIL on the EMA website:
This content was fact checked by a pharmacist, a GP, the National Medication Safety Programme (Safermeds) and the Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA). This project has received funding from the Government of Ireland’s Sláintecare Integration Fund 2019 under Grant Agreement Number 123. What antiA few different types of NSAIDs are available over the counter: Aspirin (Bayer, Bufferin, Excedrin) Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB) Naproxen (Aleve)
What is the very best antiWhat is the strongest anti-inflammatory medication? Research shows diclofenac is the strongest and most effective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine available. 10 Diclofenec is sold under the prescription brand names Cambia, Cataflam, Zipsor, and Zorvolex.
What is a good antiAcetaminophen is a safe alternative to NSAIDs for people who are allergic or hypersensitive to ibuprofen or other NSAIDs. In addition, certain supplements can help provide relief from inflammation and pain. Common alternatives to NSAIDs include arnica, curcumin, and bromelain.
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