An aortic valve replacement is a type of open heart surgery used to treat problems with the heart's aortic valve. The aortic valve controls the flow of blood out from the heart to the rest of the body. An aortic valve replacement involves removing a faulty or damaged valve and replacing it with a new valve made from synthetic materials or animal tissue. It's a major operation that isn't suitable for everyone and can take a long time to recover from. The aortic valve may need to be replaced for 2 reasons: The problems can get worse over time and in severe cases can lead to life-threatening problems such as heart failure if left untreated. There are no medicines to treat aortic valve problems, so replacing the
valve will be recommended if you're at risk of serious complications but are otherwise well enough to have surgery. Find out more about why aortic valve replacements are carried out An aortic valve replacement is carried out under
general anaesthetic. This means you'll be asleep during the operation and won't feel any pain while it's carried out. During the procedure: The operation usually takes a few hours. You'll have a discussion with your doctor or surgeon before the procedure to decide whether a synthetic or animal tissue replacement valve is most suitable for you. Find out what happens during an aortic valve replacement Recovering from an aortic valve replacementYou'll usually need to stay in hospital for about a week after an aortic valve replacement, although it may be 2 to 3 months before you fully recover. You should take things easy when you first get home, but you can start to gradually return to your normal activities over the next few weeks. You'll be given specific advice about any side effects you can expect while you recover and any activities you should avoid. You won't usually be able to drive for around 6 weeks and you'll probably need 6 to 12 weeks off work, depending on your job. Read more about recovering from an aortic valve replacement. Risks of an aortic valve replacementAn aortic valve replacement is a big operation and, like any type of surgery, carries a risk of complications. Some of the main risks of an aortic valve replacement include:
The risk of dying from an aortic valve replacement is around 2%, although this risk is much smaller than that of leaving severe aortic valve problems untreated. Most people who survive surgery have a life expectancy close to normal. Read more about the risks of aortic valve replacement. Alternatives to an aortic valve replacementAn aortic valve replacement is the most effective treatment for aortic valve conditions. Alternative procedures are usually only used if open heart surgery is too risky. Possible alternatives include:
Read more about the alternatives to an aortic valve replacement. Page last reviewed: 23 December 2021 Mitral Valve Replacement: Minimally InvasiveNot what you're looking for? What is a minimally invasive mitral valve replacement?A minimally invasive mitral valve replacement is a procedure to replace a poorly working mitral valve with an artificial valve without the need for open heart surgery. The surgery is called “minimally invasive” because it uses a single small incision and specialized instruments rather than a larger incision for the traditional open repair. This may lead to easier and faster recovery from surgery. The heart has 4 valves. These valves help blood flow through the heart and out to the body by promoting forward flow and preventing backflow. The mitral valve lies between the two chambers of the heart on the left side. These two chambers are the left atrium and the left ventricle. The valve allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle in the heart. An artificial valve may be used to replace your poorly working mitral valve. This will make sure that blood can flow into the left ventricle and then flow out to the body normally, without putting extra stress on the heart. Why might I need a minimally invasive mitral valve replacement?If the mitral valve is working poorly, you may need it repaired or replaced. Repair of the mitral valve is often possible. However, sometimes replacement is necessary. Mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation (also known as mitral valve insufficiency) are 2 different types of problems that might need valve replacement.
These problems can lead to such symptoms as fatigue, shortness of breath, fluid buildup in the legs (edema), fluid buildup in the lungs (pulmonary edema), and heart palpitations. If these symptoms are severe, and/or the valve is severely damaged, you may need valve repair or replacement. Both mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation can result from general aging of the valve. Other causes of mitral valve disease include:
What are the risks of a minimally invasive mitral valve replacement?Most minimally invasive mitral valve replacements are a success. But, there are risks with any procedure. Your particular risks will vary based on your overall health, age, and other factors. Possible risks include:
Certain factors increase the risk of complications, such as:
Talk with your healthcare provider about any concerns that you have. How do I get ready for a minimally invasive mitral valve replacement?As you plan for the surgery, you and your healthcare provider will decide what kind of valve will work best for you. Your surgeon will replace your valve with a biological valve or a mechanical valve.
Talk with your healthcare provider about how to prepare for your upcoming surgery. Remember the following:
Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about when to come to the hospital before your surgery. Be sure to talk with your healthcare provider and ask any questions you have about the procedure. You may also need some routine tests before the procedure to assess your health . These may include:
A short time before the operation, you will likely get medicines to help you relax. In most cases your surgery will proceed as planned, but sometimes another emergency might delay your operation. What happens during a minimally invasive mitral valve replacement?Check with your healthcare provider about the details of your procedure. In general, during your minimally invasive mitral valve replacement:
What happens after a minimally invasive mitral valve replacement?In the hospital
At home
Next stepsBefore you agree to the test or the procedure make sure you know:
Not what you're looking for? Can heart valve surgery be done without opening the chest?During transcatheter aortic valve replacement, Stanford surgeons thread thin tubes called catheters through an artery in the leg to reach the patient's heart and place the new valve. This approach avoids opening the chest, putting patients on heart-lung bypass, and making an incision in the heart.
Is it better to repair or replace a heart valve?Repair or Replace? It's generally best to repair a valve and preserve a person's own heart tissue when possible. However, when the tissue is too damaged, a replacement valve may be used from another human heart, an animal or a manufactured mechanical valve.
How do they treat heart valves without surgery?Mild or moderate heart valve disease do not require surgical therapy, but do require close observation with a cardiologist to help manage potential symptoms. Today, we can treat many of these patients with blood pressure and cholesterol medication, and many will never require heart valve surgery.
Is replacing a heart valve serious?An aortic valve replacement is a major operation and occasionally the complications can be fatal. Overall, the risk of dying as a result of the procedure is estimated to be 2%. But this risk is far lower than the risk associated with leaving severe aortic disease untreated.
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