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Understanding how consumers are responding to water availability will enable better design of systems and result in efficient use of water. Our cities need to respond urgently, says water activist S. VishwanathUnderstanding how consumers are responding to water availability will enable better design of systems and result in efficient use of water. Our cities need to respond urgently, says water activist S. VishwanathIn India, the design of water supply systems has been done using certain standards. Currently the standard being used is BIS 1172: 1993, reaffirmed in 1998. This specifies a consideration of use of the following: For communities with a population of between 20,000 to 100,000 — 100 to 150 litres per head per day For communities with a population of over 100,000 — 150 to 200 litres per head per day. In its previous avatar there was also an attempt made in IS 1172 to understand the break-up of this demand which was then put as 135 litres per person per day. The break-up was as follows: Bathing: 55 litres Toilet flushing: 30 litres Washing of clothes: 20 litres Washing the house: 10 litres Washing utensils: 10 litres Cooking: 5 litres Drinking: 5 litres. It is up to each one of us to say whether these numbers ring true. However, a detailed indulgence has to emerge for ‘true water demand’ to be understood and thus for systems to be designed with a desired outcome which can be of two kinds: (a) ensuring that standards are met so that public and individual health and hygiene is maintained (b) outcome could be to drive water efficiency when the actual demand exceeds this standard. Understand the issue In an era of water scarcity and limited supply other nations such as Germany are driving down consumption to 100 litres per capita per day. Granted we are in a tropical climate for the most part, an effort needs to be made to understand true demand and consumption. Does bathing actually require 55 litres per day? Of course with a teenage son or daughter this may seem less but for a responsible water user this number seems appallingly high. Can washing of utensils be actually done with 10 litres? What about the garden and landscaping requirements which many apartments and homes have? Our experience has shown that high income households tend to consume 250 litres (per head and above) and sometimes as high as 600 litres. Many homes on the other hand make to do with as little as 40 litres per person per day. On the other hand the question can also be how this amount (of water) can be made accessible to those who have no piped connection? While some water-efficient devices such as low flush toilets and low demand showers are available in the market, there is no conditionality being imposed that all water-delivering devices should meet certain efficiency norms. It is essential in a water-scarce country like India that all taps, showers, washing machines, flushes, and garden hoses be strictly water efficient. While on the one hand water conservation and recycling can drive down per person water demand, it is also true that certain systems need a minimum consumption to keep the system going. Underground sewage systems, for example, need at least 150 litres for what is called self-cleansing velocity. Less water use can result in sewage pipes choking and getting blocked. Water metersEvery individual home and apartment, if metered, can measure its water consumption and compare with standards. Price signals can be sent to ensure that those consuming over the standards pay a high price. Understanding how consumers are responding to water availability will enable better design of systems and result in efficient use of water. Our cities need to respond urgently. That would be water wisdom. People need water to survive. Not everyone in the world has enough water to meet their needs. New Zealanders on average use a lot of water per person per day. How much water does one person need?You think you’re pretty solid, but seven tenths of your body weight is water. If you lose one percent of that water, you feel thirsty. Lose 10 percent or more, and you risk death. Humans can only survive three days without water. We need to drink two to five litres of water per day to survive, depending on the climate and our level of activity. But not everyone has the water they need. 50 litres - It takes a recommended 50 litres per day to meet one person’s basic water needs. 95 litres - Half the world’s population uses 95 litres per person per day. More than 200 litres - People in industrial countries like New Zealand use more than 200 litres per person per day. Less than 10 litres - People in water-stressed countries like Niger use less than 10 litres per person per day. Basic water needsIn New Zealand, the average person uses 227 litres of water per day:
More than 70% of this water is used in the bathroom. More than 20% is used in the kitchen and laundry. How much water do you think you would need to have stored to survive for three days if there was a disaster such as an earthquake that cut the water supply? Do New Zealanders use a lot of water?Yes, we use a relatively large amount of water when compared to people in most other countries. Measuring water useEvery litre of tap water produced and distributed uses resources and energy. We all need to try and conserve water. It is helpful if we know how much water we use. Water is measured in cubic metres (m³), litres (L), or millilitres (mL). 1000mL equals one litre and 1000L = one cubic metre. Using the following measures, you could estimate your water use:
Having enough water for everyone in New Zealand in the future will rely on more water efficient appliances, water conservation and fair distribution between households, industry, agriculture and the environment. Ready for a quiz?  How much water does the average person use per day in liters?Household water use varies enormously depending on the number of people in a house and their personal needs. On average; A person uses 152 litres per day.
How much water is consumed per person per day?How Much Water Does One Person Drink? The average person drinks 8 cups per day, equaling to 1/2 gallon per day and 182.5 gallons per year.
How many Litres of water should we drink a day in India?“Men should drink about 15.5 cups (3.7 liters) of fluids a day and women around 11.5 cups (2.7 liters),” recommended Richa, a nutritionist, in an Instagram post.
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Standard water consumption per person per day in litres
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