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Habitual coffee consumption and blood pressure: an epidemiological perspective
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Habitual coffee consumption and blood pressure: an epidemiological perspective

Johanna M Geleijnse. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008.

Free PMC article

Abstract

This paper summarizes the current epidemiological evidence on coffee consumption in relation to blood pressure (BP) and risk of hypertension. Data from cross-sectional studies suggest an inverse linear or U-shaped association of habitual coffee use with BP in different populations. Prospective studies suggest a protective effect of high coffee intake (4 or more cups per day) against hypertension, mainly in women. Furthermore, the risk of hypertension may be lower in coffee abstainers. Randomized controlled trials, which are mostly of short duration (1-12 weeks), have shown that coffee intake around 5 cups per day causes a small elevation in BP (approximately 2/1 mmHg) when compared to abstinence or use of decaffeinated coffee. With regard to underlying biological mechanisms, most research has been devoted to BP-raising effects of caffeine. However, there are many other substances in coffee, such as polyphenols, soluble fibre and potassium, which could exert a beneficial effect in the cardiovascular system. Although the precise nature of the relation between coffee and BP is still unclear, most evidence suggests that regular intake of caffeinated coffee does not increase the risk of hypertension.

Keywords: blood pressure; coffee; epidemiology; hypertension.

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Should I drink coffee if I have high blood pressure?

Cut down on caffeine Drinking more than 4 cups of coffee a day may increase your blood pressure. If you're a big fan of coffee, tea or other caffeine-rich drinks, such as cola and some energy drinks, consider cutting down.

Does coffee raise blood pressure or lower it?

Caffeine in coffee or tea will temporarily raise your blood pressure, but it does not appear to have negative long-term consequences. Regular coffee or tea consumption may actually have some health benefits. Moderation is key.

How long does it take for coffee to lower blood pressure?

Most people experience a spike in their blood pressure within 30 minutes to an hour of consuming caffeinated beverages. The change in blood pressure is temporary and will usually return to normal after 3-4 hours.