Referring back to the research aims or procedures
The first set of questions aimed to …
To compare the difference between …
The purpose of Experiment 3 was to …
Simple statistical analysis was used to …
The next question asked the informants …
To assess X, the Y questionnaire was used.
Changes in X and Y were compared using …
Regression analysis was used to predict the …
To distinguish between these two possibilities, …
The first set of analyses
examined the impact of …
The correlation between X and Y was tested using …
T-tests were used to analyse the relationship between …
The average scores of X and Y were compared in order to …
In order to assess Z, repeated-measures ANOVAs were used.
Nine items on the questionnaire measured the extent to which …
Referring to data in a table or chart
Table 1 Figure 1 | shows compares presents provides | an overview of … the experimental data on X. the summary statistics for … the breakdown of X according to … the intercorrelations among the nine measures of X. the results obtained from the preliminary analysis of X. |
The table below illustrates The pie chart above shows The top half of the table shows The bottom half of the table shows | some of the main characteristics of the … the breakdown of … |
As shown in Figure 1, As can be seen from the table (above), From the graph above we can see that It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that | the X group reported significantly more Y than the other two groups. |
The results of the correlational analysis The themes identified in these responses The results obtained from the preliminary analysis of X | are shown are set out are presented can be compared are summarised | in Table 1. in Figure 1. |
Highlighting significant data in a table or chart
What stands out in the table is …
Closer inspection of the table shows …
It is apparent from this table that very few …
The most interesting aspect of this graph is …
In Fig.10 there is a clear trend of decreasing …
What is striking about the figures in this table is …
What is interesting about the data in this table is that …
The differences between X and Y are
highlighted in Table 4.
From the chart, it can be seen that by far the greatest demand is for …
From this data, we can see that Study 2 resulted in the lowest value of …
This table is quite revealing in several ways. First, unlike the other tables …
From the data in Figure 9, it is apparent that the length of time left between …
Data from this table can be compared with the data in Table 4.6 which shows …
As Table III shows, there is a significant difference (t = -2.15, p =
0.03) between the two groups.
Stating a positive result
The mean score for X was …
Further analysis showed that …
Further statistical tests revealed …
A two-way ANOVA revealed that …
On average, Xs were shown to have …
Strong evidence of X was found when …
This result is significant at the p = 0.05 level.
The results, as shown in Table 1, indicate that …
A positive correlation was found between X and Y.
There was a significant positive
correlation between …
The difference between the X and Y groups was significant.
There was a significant difference in X, t(11) = 2.906, p<0.01
There was a significant difference between the two conditions …
Respondents who reported low levels of X also reported significantly lower levels of Y.
Stating a negative result
No increase in X was detected.
No difference greater than X was observed.
No significant differences were found between
…
None of these differences were statistically significant.
No significant difference between the two groups was evident.
No significant reduction in X was found compared with placebo.
No evidence was found for non-linear associations between X and Y.
No significant correlation was found between X scores and the Y scores (p = .274)
X appeared to be unaffected by Y.
Only trace amounts of X were detected in …
There was no evidence that X has an influence on …
The
Chi-square test did not show any significant differences between …
Overall, X did not affect males and females differently in these measures.
A clear benefit of X in the prevention of Y could not be identified in this analysis.
T-tests found no significant differences in mean scores on the X and Y subscales.
Reporting positive and negative reactions
Stimulation of X cells with Y did not increase the …
With successive increases in intensity of the X, the
Y moved further to …
Following the addition of X, a significant increase (P<0.05) in the Y was recorded.
When X cells were stimulated with Y, no significant difference in the number of Z was detected.
Highlighting interesting or surprising results
Interestingly, the X was observed to …
This result is somewhat counterintuitive.
Interestingly, this correlation is related to …
The more surprising correlation is with the …
Surprisingly,
only a minority of respondents …
The most surprising aspect of the data is in the …
The correlation between X and Y is interesting because …
The most striking result to emerge from the data is that …
Interestingly, there were also differences in the ratios of …
The single most striking observation to emerge from the data comparison was …
This is a/an (rather) | surprising significant interesting remarkable unexpected disappointing | result. outcome. |
Surveys and interviews: Reporting response rates
The overall response to the survey was poor.
Thirty-two individuals returned the questionnaires.
The response rate was 60% at six months and 56% at 12 months.
Of the study population, 90 subjects completed and returned the questionnaire.
Of 150 patients who were sent invitations, 81 returned the reply slip, of whom 60 agreed to …
By the end of the survey period, data had
been collected from 64 individuals, 23 of whom were …
There were 53 responses to the question: ‘…?’
Respondents were asked to indicate whether …
The total number of responses for this question was …
The overall response to this question was very positive.
Respondents were asked to suggest other reasons for …
In response to the question: ‘…?’, a range of responses was elicited.
This section of the questionnaire required respondents to give information on …
Surveys and interviews: Reporting proportions
Over half of those surveyed reported that …
A minority of participants (17%) indicated that …
70% of those who were interviewed indicated that ….
Almost two-thirds of the participants (64%) said that ….
The majority of those who responded to this item felt that …
When asked whether …, 90% of the respondents reported that …
Just over half of those who answered this question reported that …
In response to Question
1, most of those surveyed indicated that …
When the participants were asked ……, the majority commented that …
Of the 148 patients who completed the questionnaire, just over half indicated that …
Surveys and interviews: Reporting themes
Another reported problem was …
Opinions differed as to whether …
Concerns were expressed about …
A number of issues were identified …
A variety of perspectives were expressed …
These views surfaced mainly in relation
to …
Concerns regarding X were more widespread.
There was a sense of X amongst interviewees.
Five broad themes emerged from the analysis.
A common view amongst interviewees was that …
One concern expressed regarding X was whether …
This theme came up for example in discussions of …
The themes of X and Y recurred throughout the dataset.
Two divergent and often conflicting discourses emerged …
Two discrete reasons emerged from this. First … Second …
Issues related to
X were not particularly prominent in the interview data.
A recurrent theme in the interviews was a sense amongst interviewees that …
Surveys and interviews: Reporting participants’ views
It was suggested that …
One interviewee argued that …
There were some suggestions that …
In all cases, the informants reported that …
In their accounts of the events surrounding …
There were some negative comments about …
The participants on the whole
demonstrated …
Some felt that … , while others considered that …
Some interviewees argued that … , while others …
This view was echoed by another informant who ..
Whilst a minority mentioned that…, all agreed that…
Only a small number of respondents indicated that …
A small number of those interviewed suggested that ….
For a small number of participants X was the reason for …
The majority of participants agreed with the statement that …
When asked about X, the
participants were unanimous in the view that …
Surveys and interviews: Introducing excerpts
As one interviewee said: ‘…’
As one interviewee put it: ‘…’
One informant reported that …
The comment below illustrates …
One participant commented: ‘ …’
For example, one interviewee said: ‘…’
In one case, the participant thought that …
Another interviewee, when asked …, said: ‘…’
Other responses to this question included: ‘…’
Another interviewee
alluded to the notion of …
Talking about this issue an interviewee said: ‘…’
Commenting on X, one of the interviewees said …
One individual stated that ‘…’ And another commented ‘…’
Transition: moving to the next result
If we now turn to …
A comparison of the two results reveals …
Turning now to the experimental evidence on …
Comparing the two results, it can be seen that …
The next section of the survey was concerned with …
In the final part of
the survey, respondents were asked …
Summarising the results section
These results suggest that …
Overall, these results indicate that …
In summary, these results show that …
In summary, for the informants in this study, …
Together these results provide important insights into …
Taken together, these results suggest that there is an association between …
The results in this chapter indicate that … The next chapter, therefore, moves on to discuss the …